This Man From Patna Carves Out IAS-IPS Officers For Only Rs 11 Gurudakshina

This Man From Patna Carves Out IAS-IPS Officers For Only Rs 11 Gurudakshina

Good teachers are the reason why ordinary students dream to do extraordinary things, like how Acharya Chanakya taught an ordinary boy from Bihar and created the great emperor Chandragupta Maurya out of him. Here’s another man from the same land who is carving out civil servants in his Gurukul against gurudakshina of Rs 11, 21 or 51.

Dedicating his life towards teaching, Rahman (49) has founded Adamya Aditi Gurukul in Patna and has given dozens of administrative and police officers to the country. Unlike the institutes that charge lakhs of rupees as fee, Rahman asks for a meagre gurudakshina. Over the years, many students taught in the Gurukul have successfully passed the top competitive examinations of the country and have become doctors, engineers and administrative officers against a gratitude amount.

Armed with triple Master of Arts degrees, Rahman founded Adamya Aditi Gurukul in January 1994 and his students made history in the very first year. That year the state government of Bihar required to appoint 4,000 police inspectors and 1,100 students from the gurukul made the cut and were appointed for the service.

"Education is the only way through which Indians will be aware about their rights and be connected to the main stream of the society "– Rahman

Not just Bihar, but aspirants from Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Madhya Pradesh come to the gurukul to seek Rahman’s guidance. There is not even one competitive examination in the country where the students of Adamya Aditi Gurukul haven’t left their mark.

Risen From The Dust

Rahman was born into a poverty-stricken family and is filled with strong desire to uplift students who come from a weak financial background. He says poverty is not a state of helplessness instead it is a symbol of success that will be. With dedication, hard work, and passion everything can be achieved, he says.

Are you wondering how Rahman manages his operations on such meager amounts?

Well, he has created several success stories in the gurukul and his ex-students donate money boosting the next batches.

IMPORTANT INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENTS & YEARS

IMPORTANT INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENTS & YEARS🙏🙏🙏🙏
• Government of India Act 1858
• Indian National Congress (1885)
• Partition of Bengal (1905)
• Muslim League (1906)
• Swadeshi Movement (1905)
• Morley-Minto Reforms (1909)
• Lucknow Pact (1916)
• Home Rule Movement (1916-­1920)
• The Gandhian Era (1917-1947)
• Khilafat Movement (1920)
• The Rowlatt Act (1919)
• Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre (1919)
• Non-Cooperation Movement (1920)
• Chauri Chaura Incident (1922)
• Swaraj Party (1923)
• Simon Commission (1927)
• Dandi March (1930)
• Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931)
• The Government of India Act, 1935
• Quit India Movement (1942)
• Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)
• Interim Government (1946)
• Formation of Constituent Assembly (1946)
• Mountbatten Plan (1947)
• The Indian Independence Act, 1947
• Partition of India (1947)

Assam History MCQ Part-2 (For APSC)

Q101. Who directed the Assamese Film "Shakuntala"
(A) Bhabendra Nath Saikia
(B) Dr Bhupen Hazarika
(C) Bidyut chakraborty
(D) Jyotiprasad Agarwala

Answer: (B) Dr Bhupen Hazarika

Q102. Which one was the second film directed by Jyotiprasad Agarwala
(A) Joymoti
(B) Indramalati
(C) Monumoti
(D) Siraj

Answer: (B) Indramalati

Q103. Which one was the first Assamese film to won President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film
(A) Puberun
(B) Shakuntala
(C) Maniram Devan
(D) Ronga Police

Answer: (D) Ronga Police

Q104. In which year Assamese film "Halodhia Choraye Baodhan Khai" wins the Silver and Bronze Leopard Award in Locarno International Film Festival
(A) 1987
(B) 1988
(C) 1989
(D) 1990

Answer: (B) 1988

Q105. The first film directed by Jahnu Barua
(A) Firingoti
(B) Papori
(C) Aparoopa
(D) Bonani

Answer: (C) Aparoopa

Q106. The book "Mariam Astin Athaba Hira Barua" is written by
(A) Hiren Gohain
(B) Rita Chowdhury
(C) Arupa Kalita Patinga
(D) Rabindra Sarkar

Answer: (C) Arupa Kalita Patinga

Q107. Which Assamese film bagged the National Film Award for 2014
(A) Basundhara
(B) Othello
(C) Bandhon
(D) Ajeyo

Answer: (D) Ajeyo

Q108. Which one is the first mobile theatre of Assam
(A) Natraj Theatre
(B) Hangul Theatre
(C) Kohinoor Theatre
(D) Abahan Theatre

Answer: (C) Kohinoor Theatre

Q109. Sobha Brahma was associated with
(A) Theatre
(B) Fine Arts
(C) Music
(D) Football

Answer: (B) Fine Arts

Q110. Lachit Divas is celebrated on
(A) 13th June
(B) 18th September
(C) 22nd October
(D) 24th November

Answer: (D) 24th November

Q111. The Asom Divas is celebrated on
(A) 5th March
(B) 12th August
(C) 23rd October
(D) 2nd December

Answer: (D) 2nd December

Q112. Baksa district was created from the parts of which of the following districts
(A) Barpeta, Nalbari and Kamrup
(B) Goalpara and Kokrajhar
(C) Bongaigaon and Kokrajhar
(D) Darrang, Barpeta and Nalbari

Answer: (A) Barpeta, Nalbari and Kamrup

Q113. In terms of area, the smallest district of Assam is
(A) Chirang
(B) Baksa
(C) Kamrup Metro
(D) Udalguri

Answer: (C) Kamrup Metro

Q114. Who is the recipient of Bishwaratna Dr. Bhupen Hazarika International Solidarity Award in 2015
(A) Shyam Benegal
(B) Amjad Ali
(C) Amol Palekar
(D) Adoor Gopalakrishnan

Answer: (D) Adoor Gopalakrishnan

Q115. Who among the following is the first Assamese translator of the Ramayana
(A) Ram Saraswati
(B) Madhab Kandali
(C) Ananta kandali
(D) Sankardeva

Answer: (B) Madhab Kandali

Q116. Who is the first Assamese woman to be awarded by the Sangeet Natak Akademi
(A) Sudakshina Sarma
(B) Anupama Bhattacharya
(C) Pratima Pandey Barua
(D) Aaideo Handique

Answer: (C) Pratima Pandey Barua

Q117. The first novel by Rajanikanta Bordoloi was
(A) Nirmal Bhakat
(B) Miri Jiyori
(C) Manomoti
(D) Donduadrah

Answer: (B) Miri Jiyori

Q118. During which Ahom King reign, the Saraighat battle was ended with decisive win over Mughal
(A) Chakradhwaj Singha
(B) Udayaditya Singha
(C) Jayadhwaj Singha
(D) Pratap Singha

Answer: (B) Udayaditya Singha

Q119. Which ahom king created the 'Borbarua' and 'Borphukan' post
(A) Pratap Singha
(B) Dihingia Raja
(C) Rajeswar Singha
(D) Lakshmi Singha

Answer: (A) Pratap Singha

Q120. Who wrote the book 'Bhakti Ratnavali'
(A) Sankardev
(B) Madhava Kandali
(C) Madhavdev
(D) Hema Saraswati

Answer: (C) Madhavdev

Q121. The Assam Gas Cracker project was approved in
(A) January 2001
(B) April 2006
(C) March 2008
(D) January 2010

Answer: (B) April 2006

Q122. Swahid Divas is celebrated on
(A) 2nd September
(B) 30th October
(C) 14th November
(D) 10th December

Answer: (D) 10th December

Q123. In which district, Sainik School is located
(A) Golaghat
(B) Goalpara
(C) Dhuburi
(D) Dibrugarh

Answer: (B) Goalpara

Q124. Which one is the only Assamese who represented India in the First Round Table Conference held at London in 1930
(A) Chandradhar Barua
(B) Tarun Ram Phukan
(C) Gopinath Bordoloi
(D) Krishna Nath Sarmah

Answer: (A) Chandradhar Barua

Q125. "Assam Women's University", the first women's university in Assam is located in
(A) Dibrugarh
(B) Jorhat
(C) Nagaon
(D) Silchar

Answer: (B) Jorhat

Q126. Assam's only fishery college "College of Fisheries Science" is located in
(A) Morigaon
(B) Raha
(C) Nagaon
(D) Jorhat

Answer: (B) Raha

Q127. The Dhola-Sadiya bridge is built on the river
(A) Brahmaputra
(B) Lohit
(C) Dibang
(D) Siang

Answer: (B) Lohit

Q128. Who is also known as the father of the Bhryamyman or Mobile Theatre of Assam
(A) Jyoti Prasad Agarwala
(B) Achyut Lahkar
(C) Ratan Lahkar
(D) Bishnu Prasad Rabha

Answer: (B) Achyut Lahkar

Q129. Who is also known as the "King of Bihu"
(A) Bhupen Hazarika
(B) Khagen Mahanta
(C) Zubeen Garg
(D) Jayanta Hazarika

Answer: (B) Khagen Mahanta

Q130. Which one is the first film where Bhupen Hazarika sings as playback singer
(A) Jyotimoti
(B) Siraj
(C) Indramalati
(D) Pioli Phukan

Answer: (C) Indramalati

Q131. Who is the first recipient of Asom Ratna award
(A) Bhupen Hazarika
(B) Mamoni Raisom Goswami
(C) Jitendra Nath Goswami
(D) Hiren Bhattacharyya

Answer: (A) Bhupen Hazarika

Q132. Which Assamese poet is also known as "Prem aru Rodalir Kobi"
(A) Dimbeswar Neog
(B) Amulya Barua
(C) Nabakanta Barua
(D) Hiren Bhattacharyya

Answer: (D) Hiren Bhattacharyya

Q133. In which year Mamoni Raisom Goswami win the Jnanpith Award
(A) 1998
(B) 2000
(C) 2001
(D) 2002

Answer: (B) 2000

Q134. Who had written the poetry anthology 'Alakananda'
(A) Nalini Bala Devi
(B) Raghunath Choudhary
(C) Nilamani Phookan
(D) Hem Barua

Answer: (A) Nalini Bala Devi

Q135. Who was the first editor of the Assamese magazine 'Jonaki'
(A) Lakshminath Bezbaroa
(B) Chandra Kumar Agarwala
(C) Satyanath Bora
(D) Ananda Chandra Agarwala

Answer: (B) Chandra Kumar Agarwala

Q136. In which year Assamese magazine 'Jonaki' was first published
(A) 1887
(B) 1889
(C) 1890
(D) 1896

Answer: (B) 1889

Q137. Who is also known as 'bihogi kobi'
(A) Dimbeswar Neog
(B) Nalinidhar Bhattacharya
(C) Raghunath Choudhary
(D) Nilmoni Phukan

Answer: (C) Raghunath Choudhary

Q138. The first Assamese romantic poem 'Bon Kunwori' was written by
(A) Dimbeswar Neog
(B) Chandra Kumar Agarwala
(C) Mahendranath Dekaphukan
(D) Benudhar Rajkhowa

Answer: (B) Chandra Kumar Agarwala

Q139. Who was the first secretary of the Oxomiya Bhaxa Unnati Xadhini Xobha
(A) Benudhar Rajkhowa
(B) Shivaram Sarma Bordoloi
(C) Lakshiprasad Chaliha
(D) Lakhyeswar Sarma

Answer: (B) Shivaram Sarma Bordoloi

Q140. The first modern Assamese theatre hall 'Baan theatre' established at Tezpur in the year
(A) 1899
(B) 1903
(C) 1906
(D) 1909

Answer: (C) 1906

Q141. Which Assamese writer is also known as 'Bakulbonor Kavi'
(A) Bishnuram Medhi
(B) Binanda Chandra Barua
(C) Anandaram Dhekial Phukan
(D) Ananda Chandra Barua

Answer: (D) Ananda Chandra Barua

Q142. Who had wrtten the book named 'Prahlada charitra'
(A) Hema Saraswati
(B) Harivara Vipra
(C) Madhava Kandali
(D) Kaviratna Saravati

Answer: (A) Hema Saraswati

Q143. Which Assamese poet had translated Valmiki Ramayana into Assamese verse 'Saptakanda Ramayana'
(A) Ananta Kandali
(B) Madhava Kandali
(C) Sankardeva
(D) Kaviratna Saravati

Answer: (B) Madhava Kandali

Q144. The Assam silk industry is mainly centered in
(A) Hajo
(B) Rangia
(C) Batadrava
(D) Sualkuchi

Answer: (D) Sualkuchi

Q145. Sankaradeva had established the first Naamghar at
(A) Narayanpur
(B) Patbaushi
(C) Bordowa
(D) Majuli

Answer: (C) Bordowa

Q146. Who had established the 'Barpeta Satra' in Barpeta
(A) Sankardev
(B) Madhabdev
(C) Damodardev
(D) Gopal Ata

Answer: (B) Madhabdev

Q147. Who had established the Varman dynasty in Assam
(A) Pushya Varman
(B) Samudra Varman
(C) Mahendra Varman
(D) Bhuti Varman

Answer: (A) Pushya Varman

Q148. Which Swargadeo shifted the capital of the Ahom Kingdom from Garhgaon to Rangpur
(A) Gadadhar Singha
(B) Sukhrangpha
(C) Siva Singha
(D) Rudra Singha

Answer: (D) Rudra Singha

Q149. Which Ahom king is also known as 'Bamuni Konwar'
(A) Sutuphaa
(B) Sudangphaa
(C) Susenphaa
(D) Suphakphaa

Answer: (B) Sudangphaa

Q150. Who had discovered Tea plants in Assam in the year 1823
(A) Raymond W. Beaver
(B) Nathan Brown
(C) Oliver Thomas Cutter
(D) Robert Bruce

Answer: (D) Robert Bruce

Q151. Who had conferred Gopinath Bordoloi with the title "Lokapriya"
(A) Jairam Das Daulatram
(B) Saiyid Fazal Ali
(C) Vishnu Sahay
(D) Braj Kumar Nehru

Answer: (A) Jairam Das Daulatram

Q152. Which one is the second most populous city in Assam
(A) Jorhat
(B) Dibrugarh
(C) Nagaon
(D) Silchar

Answer: (D) Silchar

Q153. Which one is not a administrative districts of Barak Valley in Assam
(A) Cachar
(B) Karimganj
(C) Dima Hasao
(D) Hailakandi

Answer: (C) Dima Hasao

Q154. Which one is the only left tributary of Barak river
(A) Jiri River
(B) Madhura River
(C) Sonai River
(D) Jatinga River

Answer: (C) Sonai River

Q155. The Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat was established in the year
(A) 1962
(B) 1965
(C) 1969
(D) 1972

Answer: (C) 1969

Q156. The first Sugar Mill in Assam was establised in
(A) Barua Bamungaon
(B) Bokajan
(C) Chargola
(D) Namrup

Answer: (A) Barua Bamungaon

Q157. Assam's only chemical fertiliser plant is located in
(A) Bongaigaon
(B) Namrup
(C) Jagiroad
(D) Bokajan

Answer: (B) Namrup

Q158. Which Ahom queen built the Sivadol in Sivasagar
(A) Mula Gabharu
(B) Ambika Kunwori
(C) Phuleswari
(D) Kuranganayani

Answer: (C) Phuleswari

Q159. Who was the first American missionary to compile a dictionary of the Assamese language
(A) Miles Bronson
(B) Nathan Brown
(C) Oliver Cutter
(D) Alexander Duff

Answer: (A) Miles Bronson

Q160. The "Me-Dam-Me-Phi" festival is celebrated by
(A) Bodos
(B) Ahoms
(C) Rabhas
(D) Tiwa

Answer: (B) Ahoms

Q161. In which of the districts, the 'Jonbeel Mela' held every year
(A) Kamrup
(B) Nagaon
(C) Morigaon
(D) Karbi Anglong

Answer: (C) Morigaon

Q162. Jatinga village is located in which district
(A) Dima Hasao
(B) Cachar
(C) Karimganj
(D) Karbi Anglong

Answer: (A) Dima Hasao

Q163. In which month, Ambubachi Mela is celebrated in Kamakhya Temple
(A) Bohag
(B) Magh
(C) Ahaar
(D) Kati

Answer: (C) Ahaar

Q164. Who is also known as 'Kala Guru' of Assam
(A) Parvati Prasad Baruva
(B) Bishnu Prasad Rabha
(C) Bhupen Hazarika
(D) Jyoti Prasad Agarwala

Answer: (B) Bishnu Prasad Rabha

Q165. Who is also known as 'Geetikavi' of Assam
(A) Parvati Prasad Baruva
(B) Pratima Barua Pandey
(C) Bhupen Hazarika
(D) Phani Sarma

Answer: (A) Parvati Prasad Baruva

Q166. Who was the founder editor of the Assamese magazine 'Prantik'
(A) Pradeep Baruah
(B) Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya
(C) Homen Borgohain
(D) Bhabendra Nath Saikia

Answer: (D) Bhabendra Nath Saikia

Q167. Who is the writer of the novel 'Halodhiya Soraye Baudhan Khai'
(A) Homen Borgohain
(B) Nirupama Borgohain
(C) Mahim Bora
(D) Rebati Mohan Dutta Choudhury

Answer: (A) Homen Borgohain

Q168. In which year, Bhupen Hazarika was elected the President of the Asam Sahitya Sabha
(A) 1988
(B) 1990
(C) 1993
(D) 1995

Answer: (C) 1993

Q169. Which one is the first film directed by Bhupen Hazarika
(A) Era Bator Sur
(B) Shakuntala Sur
(C) Chik Mik Bijuli
(D) Pratidhwani

Answer: (A) Era Bator Sur

Q170. During whose regin, chinese traveler Hsuan-tsang visited Assam
(A) Nara Narayan
(B) Bhaskar Varman
(C) Susthita Varman
(D) Rudra Singha

Answer: (B) Bhaskar Varman

Q171. During which dynasty regin, the Madan Kamdev temples in Kamrup was build
(A) Varman dynasty
(B) Pala dynasty
(C) Naraka dynasty
(D) Koch dynasty

Answer: (B) Pala dynasty

Q172. From which year, the Asom Divas or the Sukaphaa Divas is celebrated on 2nd December
(A) 1994
(B) 1995
(C) 1996
(D) 1997

Answer: (C) 1996

Q173. In which location, the Manas River joins the Brahmaputra river
(A) Dhuburi
(B) Pancharatna
(C) Bongaigaon
(D) Jogighopa

Answer: (D) Jogighopa

Q174. Brahmaputra is the _________ th longest river in the world
(A) 5
(B) 9
(C) 13
(D) 15

Answer: (D) 15

Q175. Total number of districts that are on the bank of Brahmaputra river is
(A) 14
(B) 18
(C) 21
(D) 25

Answer: (C) 21

Q176. Which one is the last major tributary river of Brahmaputra in Assam before it entering Bangladesh
(A) Sankosh
(B) Dhansiri
(C) Manas
(D) Champamati

Answer: (A) Sankosh

Q177. The first Assamese-language magazine Orunodoi was published from
(A) Kolkata
(B) Guwahati
(C) Sibsagar
(D) Dibrugarh

Answer: (C) Sibsagar

Q178. The first Assamese-language magazine Orunodoi was published from
(A) Kolkata
(B) Guwahati
(C) Sibsagar
(D) Dibrugarh

Answer: (C) Sibsagar

Q179. In which year, the first Assamese novel Miri Jiyori was published
(A) 1888
(B) 1894
(C) 1901
(D) 1903

Answer: (B) 1894

Q180. Who was the creator of the imaginary character named 'Kripabor Borua'
(A) Lakshminath Bezbaroa
(B) Devakanta Baruah
(C) Hemchandra Goswami
(D) Chandrakumar Agarwala

Answer: (A) Lakshminath Bezbaroa

Q181. Who was the second President of Assam Sahitya Sabha
(A) Kaliram Medhi
(B) Chandradhar Barua
(C) Amrit Bhushan Dev Adhikari
(D) Rajanikanta Bordoloi

Answer: (B) Chandradhar Barua

Q182. In which year, Lakshminath Bezbaroa presided over the Assam Sahitya Sabha session
(A) 1920 Tezpur
(B) 1923 Jorhat
(C) 1924 Guwahati
(D) 1925 Nagaon

Answer: (C) 1924 Guwahati

Q183. In which year 'O Mur Apunar Desh' was officially adopted as the Assam's state song
(A) 1927
(B) 1934
(C) 1942
(D) 1950

Answer: (A) 1927

Q184. Which one is the epicenter of the Assam silk industry
(A) Majuli
(B) Mangaldoi
(C) Sualkuchi
(D) Tangla

Answer: (C) Sualkuchi

Q185. Under whose guidance the Vrindavani vastra was woven by Assamese weavers
(A) Sankardeva
(B) Madhvadeva
(C) Chilarai
(D) Rudra Singha

Answer: (A) Sankardeva

Q186. The Namdang Stone Bridge was constructed during the reign of Ahom king
(A) Lakshmi Singha
(B) Siva Singha
(C) Gadadhar Singha
(D) Rudra Singha

Answer: (D) Rudra Singha

Q187. The Moamoria Rebellion started during the reign of
(A) Kamaleswar Singha
(B) Siva Singha
(C) Lakshmi Singha
(D) Prataap Singha

Answer: (C) Lakshmi Singha

Q188. Which Ahom king had the shortest reign of 21 days only
(A) Gobar Roja
(B) Samaguria Rojaa
(C) Parvatia Rojaa
(D) Jogeswar Singha

Answer: (B) Samaguria Rojaa

Q189. The Itakhulir Rann was fought against Mughal during the reign of
(A) Siba Singha
(B) Rudra Singha
(C) Gadadhar Singha
(D) Pramatta Singha

Answer: (C) Gadadhar Singha

Q190. The Soti Joymoti Divas is observe on
(A) 14th February
(B) 27th March
(C) 3rd April
(D) 28th April

Answer: (B) 27th March

Q191. From which constituency, Bishnu Prasad Rabha was elected as M.L.A in 1969
(A) Guwahati
(B) Jorhat
(C) Tezpur
(D) Nagaon

Answer: (C) Tezpur

Q192. Which one is first Assamese colour film
(A) Bhaity
(B) Khoj
(C) Aranya
(D) Uttaran

Answer: (A) Bhaity

Q193. Who is the first Assamese recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award
(A) Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya
(B) Birinchi Kumar Barua
(C) Jatindranath Dowara
(D) Nalinibala Devi

Answer: (C) Jatindranath Dowara

Q194. Which one is the first Assamese novel to win the Sahitya Akademi Award
(A) Iyaruingam
(B) Aghari Atmar Kahini
(C) Koka Deutar har
(D) Pita Putra

Answer: (A) Iyaruingam

Q195. Who is the writter of the poetry book "Bon Phul"
(A) Ambikagiri Raichoudhury
(B) Nalinibala Devi
(C) Jatindranath Dowara
(D) Saurabh Kumar Chaliha

Answer: (C) Jatindranath Dowara

Q196. Who is the writter of the novel "Mamare Dhara Tarowal Aru Dukhan Upanyasa"
(A) Anand Chandra Barua
(B) Homen Borgohain
(C) Bhabendra Nath Saikia
(D) Mamoni Roysom Goswami

Answer: (D) Mamoni Roysom Goswami

Q197. Who was the greatest king of the Pala Dynasty of Kamarupa
(a) Dharmapala
(b) Gopala
(c) Jaypala
(d) Ratnapala

Answer: (a) Dharmapala

Q198. Name the Mughal General who took possession of the Ahom Capital Gahrgaon in 1662
(a) Murshid Quli Khan
(b) Islam Khan
(c) Shaista Khan
(d) Mir Jumla

Answer: (d) Mir Jumla

Q199. Who was the central figure of the Revolt of 1857 in Assam
(a) Kandarpeswar Singha
(b) Maniram Dewan
(c) Piyali Barua
(d) Bahadur Gaoburah

Answer: (b) Maniram Dewan

Q200. What was the capital of the Province 'Eastern Bengal and Assam'
(a) Shillong
(b) Rangpur
(c) Chittagong
(d) Dacca

Answer: (d) Dacca

Q201. The Treaty of Badarpur was signed between David Scott and Govinda Chandra on March
(a) 1820
(b) 1821
(c) 1823
(d) 1824

Answer: (d) 1824

Q202. Cachar was placed under the Commissionerate of Dacca in
(a) 1836
(b) 1837
(c) 1839
(d) 1840

Answer: (a) 1836

Q203. How many kings do you have during the Ahom Period
(a) 30
(b) 40
(c) 50
(d) 60

Answer: (b) 40

Q204. The second Burmese invasion took place in
(a) 1817
(b) 1818
(c) 1819
(d) 1821

Answer: (c) 1819

Q205. Maniram Dewan and Piyali Barua were hanged on
(a) 26th February, 1858
(b) 30th January, 1860
(c) 20th March, 1861
(d) 21st April, 1865

Answer: (a) 26th February, 1858

Q206. In the Quit India Movement of 1942, Kanak Lata and Mukunda Kakati were shot dead by the British Police at
(a) Sonitpur
(b) Tezpur
(c) Gohpur
(d) Biswanath

Answer: (c) Gohpur

Q207. After the demise of the 1st Prime Minister of Assam, Gopinath Bordoloi in 1950, the second Chief Minister was
(a) B. P. Chaliha
(b) B. R. Medhi
(c) Sarat Chandra Singha
(d) M. M. Choudhury

Answer: (b) B. R. Medhi

Q208. Sadulla's Coalition Ministry took place on
(a) 1st April, 1937
(b) 1st March, 1937
(c) 5th March, 1939
(d) 5th April, 1941

Answer: (a) 1st April, 1937

Q209. Who is the founder of the South-East Asia Ramayana Research Center
(a) Bhupen Hazarika
(b) Mamoni Raisom Goswami
(c) Dhrubajyoti Bora
(d) Lakshminath Bezbaroa

Answer: (b) Mamoni Raisom Goswami

Q210. Durjaya (present-day North Guwahati) was the capital of
(a) Pala dynasty
(b) Mlechchha dynasty
(c) Varman dynasty
(d) Naraka dynasty

Answer: (a) Pala dynasty

Q211. The Hayagriva Madhava Temple of Hajo is located in which hill
(a) Agnigarh Hill
(b) Nilachal Hill
(c) Monikut Hill
(d) Mikir Hills

Answer: (c) Monikut Hill

Q212. Which one was the last capital of the Ahom Kingdom
(a) Charaideo
(b) Garhgaon
(c) Rangpur
(d) Jorhat

Answer: (d) Jorhat

Q213. Which one is known as "Tea City of India"
(a) Dibrugarh
(b) Jorhat
(c) Sivsagar
(d) Golaghat

Answer: (a) Dibrugarh

Assam History MCQ Part-1 ( For APSC)

Q1. In Ancient times, Assam is also known by the name of
(A) Koliabor
(B) Guwahati
(C) Pragjyotishpur
(D) Charaideo

Answer: (C) Pragjyotishpur

Q2. In which hill top, the Kamakhya Temple is located
(A) Nilachal Hill
(B) Chitrachal Hill
(C) Sandhyachal Hill
(D) Jogini Hill

Answer: (A) Nilachal Hill

Q3. In which year, the capital of Assam shifted from Shillong to Dispur
(A) 1950
(B) 1955
(C) 1971
(D) 1973

Answer: (D) 1973

Q4. The Asam Sahitya Sabha was first founded in the year
(A) 1902
(B) 1912
(C) 1917
(D) 1921

Answer: (C) 1917

Q5. The first conference of Asam Sahitya Sabha was held at
(A) Kamrup
(B) Sivasagar
(C) Barpeta
(D) Dhuburi

Answer: (B) Sivasagar

Q6. Who was the first Presidet of Asam Sahitya Sabha
(A) Lakshminath Bezbaroa
(B) Padmanath Gohain Baruah
(C) Hemchandra Goswami
(D) Rajanikanta Bordoloi

Answer: (B) Padmanath Gohain Baruah

Q7. Total number of National Parks in Assam
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 7

Answer: (C) 5

Q8. Total number of bridges over the river Brahmaputra
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 7

Answer: (B) 4

Q9. The Naranarayan Setu connects the Pancharatna Town with which city
(A) Kalibor
(B) Tezpur
(C) Bongaigaon
(D) Jogighopa

Answer: (D) Jogighopa

Q10. Who was the first Chief Minister of Assam
(A) Bishnuram Medhi
(B) Tarun Ram Phukan
(C) Gopinath Bordoloi
(D) None of the Above

Answer: (C) Gopinath Bordoloi

Q11. Srimanta Sankardev was born in the year
(A) 1352
(B) 1432
(C) 1449
(D) 1465

Answer: (C) 1449

Q12. The first Assamese film Joymoti was released in the year
(A) 1922
(B) 1935
(C) 1938
(D) 1942

Answer: (B) 1935

Q13. The Abhiruchi Sports Day is celebrated on
(A) January 13th
(B) August 12th
(C) August 30th
(D) September 3rd

Answer: (D) September 3rd

Q14. Bhogeswar Baruah wins a medal in the ________ Asian Games
(A) 1962
(B) 1966
(C) 1978
(D) 1972

Answer: (B) 1966

Q15. Who was the last king of Ahom kingdom in Assam
(A) Gobar Roja
(B) Sutanphaa
(C) Purandar Singha
(D) Jogeswar Singha

Answer: (C) Purandar Singha

Q16. The Treaty of Yandabo was signed in the year
(A) 1802
(B) 1826
(C) 1830
(D) 1832

Answer: (B) 1826

Q17. Which one is the first assamese novel
(A) Mirijiyori
(B) Podum Kunwari
(C) Bhanumati
(D) Sudharmar Upakhyan

Answer: (C) Bhanumati

Q18. The state anthem "O Mur Apunar Desh" was first published in the magazine named
(A) Bahi
(B) Jonaki
(C) Surabhi
(D) Jonbiri

Answer: (A) Bahi

Q19. The first Assamese magazine Orunodoi was published in the year
(A) 1836
(B) 1846
(C) 1872
(D) 1882

Answer: (B) 1846

Q20. The first Assamese to compile a dictionary named "HemKosh" is
(A) Dimbeswar Neog
(B) Chandradhar Barua
(C) Hemchandra Goswami
(D) Hemchandra Barua

Answer: (D) Hemchandra Barua

Q21. Who is the first Assamese to received "Jnanpith Award"
(A) Indira Goswami
(B) Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya
(C) Bhupen Hazarika
(D) Hemchandra Barua

Answer: (B) Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya

Q22. Total number of Districts in Assam
(A) 25
(B) 26
(C) 27
(D) 33

Answer: (D) 33

Q23. Hiuen Tsang visited Assam during the reign of
(A) Pushya Varman
(B) Mahendra Varman
(C) Bhaskar Varman
(D) Brahma Pala

Answer: (C) Bhaskar Varman

Q24. In which year, Sukapha established Ahom Kingdom in Charaideo
(A) 1253
(B) 1272
(C) 1296
(D) 1309

Answer: (A) 1253

Q25. The war of Saraighat was fought between Ahom and Mughal in the year
(A) 1652
(B) 1667
(C) 1670
(D) 1671

Answer: (D) 1671

Q26. Mahatma Gandhi first visited Assam in the year
(A) 1918
(B) 1919
(C) 1920
(D) 1921

Answer: (D) 1921

Q27. The first book to win Sahitya Akademi Award is
(A) Iyaruingam
(B) Bonphool
(C) Alakananda
(D) Pita Putra

Answer: (B) Bonphool

Q28. Who is the first barrister of Assam
(A) Haliram Deka
(B) Pranab kumar Borooah
(C) Anundoram Borooah
(D) Parul Das

Answer: (C) Anundoram Borooah

Q29. Which one is the largest district in Assam by area wise
(A) Barpeta
(B) Karbi Anglong
(C) Sivsagar
(D) Dibrugarh

Answer: (B) Karbi Anglong

Q30. In which district, Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary is located
(A) Golaghat
(B) Sivsagar
(C) Karbi Anglong
(D) Dibrugarh

Answer: (C) Karbi Anglong

Q31. In which year, National Games was held in Assam
(A) 2002
(B) 2004
(C) 2005
(D) 2007

Answer: (D) 2007

Q32. Gibon Wildlife Sanctury is located at
(A) Chirang
(B) Dibrugarh
(C) Kokrajhar
(D) Jorhat

Answer: (D) Jorhat

Q33. The Guwahati Tea Auction Centre was established in the year
(A) 1970
(B) 1972
(C) 1975
(D) 1977

Answer: (A) 1970

Q34. Which town is also known as the Manchester of Assam
(A) Jorhat
(B) Sualkuchi
(C) Diphu
(D) Digboi

Answer: (B) Sualkuchi

Q35. The Brahmaputra Cracker and Polymer Limited Industry is located at
(A) Makum
(B) Mariani
(C) Lepetkata
(D) Nagaon

Answer: (C) Lepetkata

Q36. Which city of Assam has the largest dry fish market of Asia
(A) Tangla
(B) Jagirod
(C) Dhuburi
(D) Tinsukia

Answer: (B) Jagirod

Q37. Guwahati University was established in the year
(A) 1935
(B) 1942
(C) 1948
(D) 1950

Answer: (C) 1948

Q38. Who was the first vice-chancellor of Guwahati University
(A) Krishna Kanta Handique
(B) Hemchandra Goswami
(C) Padmanath Gohain Baruah
(D) Rajanikanta Bordoloi

Answer: (A) Krishna Kanta Handique

Q39. Total number of Parliamentary constituency in Assam
(A) 12
(B) 13
(C) 14
(D) 16

Answer: (C) 14

Q40. Lakshminath Bezbaroa is honoured with 'Rasaraj' by Asam Sahitya Sabha in the year
(A) 1917
(B) 1922
(C) 1928
(D) 1931

Answer: (D) 1931

Q41. Namghosa was written by
(A) Sankardev
(B) Madhabdev
(C) Madhava Kandali
(D) Naone of the above

Answer: (B) Madhabdev

Q42. "Halodhia Choraye Baodhan Khai" won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in the year
(A) 1985
(B) 1988
(C) 1990
(D) 1991

Answer: (B) 1988

Q43. The film "Halodhia Choraye Baodhan Khai" was directed by
(A) Bhabendra Nath Saikia
(B) Jahnu Barua
(C) Bhupen Hazarika
(D) Manju Borah

Answer: (B) Jahnu Barua

Q44. How much percent of the Indian landmass is covered by the State of Assam
(A) 3.39%
(B) 2.39%
(C) 4.39%
(D) 2.93%

Answer: (B) 2.39%

Q45. Which language is used by Sankardev to written Borgeets
(A) Assamese
(B) Sanskrit
(C) Bengali
(D) Brajavali

Answer: (D) Brajavali

Q46. The literacy rate of Assam according to 2011 census is
(A) 72.19 %
(B) 72.58 %
(C) 73.12 %
(D) 73.98 %

Answer: (A) 72.19 %

Q47. When the uprising of Patharughat took place
(A) 1857
(B) 1864
(C) 1889
(D) 1894

Answer: (D) 1894

Q48. Who was the President of the Swaraj Party in Assam during freedom movement
(A) Bishnuram Medhi
(B) Gopinath Bordoloi
(C) Tarun Ram Phookan
(D) Maniram Dewan

Answer: (C) Tarun Ram Phookan

Q49. The terracotta industry is located in
(A) Dhubri
(B) Karimganj
(C) Goalpara
(D) Dhemaji

Answer: (A) Dhubri

Q50. The Ahom Kingdom was established in the year
(A) 1216
(B) 1228
(C) 1256
(D) 1272

Answer: (B) 1228

Q51. The Shiv dol was constructed during the reign of
(A) Pramatta Singha
(B) Rudra Singha
(C) Purandar Singha
(D) Siba Singha

Answer: (D) Siba Singha

Q52. The Asssam Public Service Commission (APSC) Regulation was promulgated in exercise of the powers
(A) 1947
(B) 1950
(C) 1951
(D) 1960

Answer: (C) 1951

Q53. The first stadium of Assam was built in
(A) Jorhat
(B) Golaghat
(C) Sibsagar
(D) Dhemaji

Answer: (A) Jorhat

Q54. Sadiya Khowa Gohain was a
(A) Jamindar
(B) King
(C) Frontier Officer
(D) Naval Commander

Answer: (D) Naval Commander

Q55. Prachya Sasanavali was edited by
(A) Dr. Maheswar Neog
(B) Dr. Birinchi Kumar Barua
(C) Dr. surya Kumar Bhuyan
(D) Alexander Mackenzie

Answer: (A) Dr. Maheswar Neog

Q56. The king nickednamed as Bhagaraja was
(A) Sutiyampha
(B) Sutamla
(C) Surampha
(D) Sunyatpha

Answer: (C) Surampha

Q57. During freedom struggle, the "Mrityu Bahini" was formed by
(A) Chandraprabha Saikiani
(B) Pushpalata Das
(C) Rani Gaidinlieu
(D) Kanaklata Barua

Answer: (B) Pushpalata Das

Q58. "Rang Ghar" was constructed during the reign of
(A) Rudra Singha
(B) Rajeswar Singha
(C) Pramatta Singha
(D) Siv Singha

Answer: (C) Pramatta Singha

Q59. When was Assam Provincial Congress Committee formed
(A) 1920
(B) 1921
(C) 1922
(D) 1923

Answer: (B) 1921

Q60. The author of "Asomiya Sahityar Buranji" is
(A) Nathan Brown
(B) Jatindranath Duara
(C) Devendranath Bezbarua
(D) Gunabhiram Barua

Answer: (C) Devendranath Bezbarua

Q61. The Assam region was separated from the Bengal Presidency in
(A) 1874
(B) 1889
(C) 1861
(D) 1826

Answer: (A) 1874

Q62. The illustration work of the medieval Assamese text Hastividyarnava was done by
(A) Suryakhari Daibaigya
(B) Sukumar Borkaith
(C) Dibar and Ddosai
(D) Rama Saraswati

Answer: (B) Sukumar Borkaith

Q63. The Gohain Kamal Ali road was constructed during the reign of
(A) Nara Narayan
(B) Parikshit Narayan
(C) Viswa Singha
(D) Raghu Dev

Answer: (A) Nara Narayan

Q64. The first Ahom Monarch to assume the Hindu title "Swarganarayan" was
(A) Siva Singha
(B) Pratap Singha
(C) Jayadhwaj Singha
(D) Suhungmung

Answer: (D) Suhungmung

Q65. The first rebellion against the British rule in Assam in 1828 was led by
(A) Piyali Phukan
(B) Maniram Dewan
(C) Gomdhar Knowar
(D) Piyali Baruah

Answer: (C) Gomdhar Knowar

Q66. Who was the author of the book "India against Itself"
(A) Dr. Hiren Gohain
(B) Dr. Mamani Roysom Goswami
(C) Homen Borgohain
(D) Dr. Sanjib Barua

Answer: (D) Dr. Sanjib Barua

Q67. The Dhodar Ali is constructed during the reign of
(A) Rudra Singha
(B) Gadadhar Singha
(C) Pramatta Singha
(D) Siva Singha

Answer: (B) Gadadhar Singha

Q68. The Jaysagar Tank was excavated under the reign of which of the following Kings
(A) Rudra Singha
(B) Gadadhar Singha
(C) Siva Singha
(D) Rajeswar Singha

Answer: (A) Rudra Singha

Q69. The district which was separated from Assam and was given to East Pakistan in the year 1947 was
(A) Khulna
(B) Sylhet
(C) Chittagong
(D) Sholashahar

Answer: (B) Sylhet

Q70. In Assam, a source of hot water spring is situated in
(A) Nambor Reserve Forest
(B) Parashuram Kunda
(C) Orang Wildlife Sanctuary
(D) Manas Nationa Park

Answer: (A) Nambor Reserve Forest

Q71. Kamakhya Temple was rebuilt by which one of the following Koch King
(A) Biswa Singha
(B) Raghu Deva
(C) Naranarayan
(D) Prananarayan

Answer: (C) Naranarayan

Q72. Kanaklata Barua became a martyr of which one of the following national movements
(A) Non-Cooperation Movement
(B) Quit India Movement
(C) Civil Disobedience Movement
(D) Swadeshi Movement

Answer: (B) Quit India Movement

Q73. The Patkai Bum range makes the boundary between
(A) India and Bhutan
(B) India and China
(C) India and Bangladesh
(D) India and Burma

Answer: (D) India and Burma

Q74. Which one of the following places is the confluence of three highly revered pilgrimage for the Hindu, Muslim and Buddhists
(A) Parashuram Kunda
(B) Dekiakhowa Namghar
(C) Hajo
(D) Barpeta

Answer: (C) Hajo

Q75. Siang, joined by Lohit and Dibang makes which of the following rivers
(A) Jia Bharali
(B) Dikhow
(C) Subansiri
(D) Brahmaputra

Answer: (D) Brahmaputra

Q76. Which Wildlife Sanctuary of Assam boasts of the golden langur
(A) Pani Dihing
(B) Pobitora
(C) Laokhowa
(D) Chakrashila

Answer: (D) Chakrashila

Q77. Which one was the first capital of Ahom Kingdom in Assam
(A) Garhgaon
(B) Charaideo
(C) Jorhat
(D) Sivsagar

Answer: (B) Charaideo

Q78. The area of Kaziranga National Park is approximately
(A) 430 sq. km
(B) 500 sq. km
(C) 390 sq. km
(D) 720 sq. km

Answer: (A) 430 sq. km

Q79. About 91% of world population of a particular animal species found in Kaziranga National Park is which one of the following
(A) Asian hog deer
(B) Pygmy hog
(C) Asiatic wild buffalo
(D) Sangai deer

Answer: (B) Pygmy hog

Q80. Of the total production of Muga, the Golden Silk, in the world, Assam produces
(A) 69%
(B) 79%
(C) 89%
(D) 99%

Answer: (D) 99%

Q81. In which of the following National Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries, the density of rhino population is the highest
(A) Manas
(B) Kaziranga
(C) Pobitora
(D) Nameri

Answer: (C) Pobitora

Q82. The highest concentration of forest in the State of Assam occurs in
(A) Karbi Anglong district
(B) Dima Hasao district
(C) Goalpara district
(D) Dhubri district

Answer: (A) Karbi Anglong district

Q83. Pani Dihing Bird Sanctuary is located in which one of the following districts
(A) Jorhat
(B) Sivasagar
(C) Golaghat
(D) Dhemaji

Answer: (B) Sivasagar

Q84. Who was the first martyr of 1942 Revolution in Assam
(A) Kanaklata Barua
(B) Kamala Miri
(C) Kushal Konwar
(D) Maniram Dewan

Answer: (A) Kanaklata Barua

Q85. The Treaty of Yandaboo signed between East India Company and which one of the following
(A) Ahom King
(B) King of Burma
(C) Kachari King
(D) Chutiya King

Answer: (B) King of Burma

Q86. The first Peasant Uprising against the British was known as
(A) Phulaguri Dhawa
(B) Patharughat Raijmel
(C) Battle of Itakhuli
(D) None of the above

Answer: (A) Phulaguri Dhawa

Q87. The first phase of Moamoria Rebellion was started in
(A) 1749
(B) 1759
(C) 1769
(D) 1779

Answer: (C) 1769

Q88. In which year Gopinath Bordoloi was arrested for taking part in the freedom movement
(A) 1915
(B) 1918
(C) 1920
(D) 1922

Answer: (D) 1922

Q89. In addition to Assamese, which other language from the State is included in the Eight Schedule of the Indian Constitution
(A) Mishing
(B) Rabha
(C) Tiwa
(D) Bodo

Answer: (D) Bodo

Q90. The rank of Assam in literacy among the States of India is
(A) 9th
(B) 12th
(C) 16th
(D) 26th

Answer: (D) 26th

Q91. The Phulaguri uprising was take place
(A) 1848
(B) 1852
(C) 1861
(D) 1869

Answer: (C) 1861

Q92. When Bhupen Hazarika had been awarded with Dadasaheb Phalke Award
(A) 1990
(B) 1992
(C) 1993
(D) 1997

Answer: (B) 1992

Q93. Which of the following places is the site of rain forest in Assam and in which District
(A) Sonai Rupai (Sonitpur)
(B) Joypur (Dibrugarh)
(C) Sessa (Dibrugarh)
(D) Manas (Kokrajhar)

Answer: (B) Joypur (Dibrugarh)

Q94. Who among the following from Assam joined the famous Dandi March
(A) Nabin Chandra Bordoloi
(B) Tarunram Phukan
(C) Kuladhar Saikia
(D) Liladhar Baruah

Answer: (D) Liladhar Baruah

Q95. The historic Assam Accord was signed on
(A) 15th August, 1985
(B) 26th Janury, 1986
(C) 15th August, 1986
(D) 15th August, 1990

Answer: (A) 15th August, 1985

Q96. Ali-Aai-Ligang is an agri-based festival celebrated by the
(A) Bodo
(B) Khasis
(C) Mising
(D) Naga

Answer: (C) Mising

Q97. "Me-Dum-Me-Phi" festival is celebrated annually on
(A) 31 January
(B) 31 July
(C) 31 August
(D) 31 December

Answer: (A) 31 January

Q98. Assam Police Day observed on
(A) 13th January
(B) 4th April
(C) 8th September
(D) 1st October

Answer: (D) 1st October

Q99. Which of the following districts of Assam has been declared as first tobacco free district
(A) Karimganj
(B) Kamrup Metro
(C) Jorhat
(D) Golaghat

Answer: (C) Jorhat

Q100. In which year was the Bodo Sahitya Shabha founded
(A) 1952
(B) 1956
(C) 1959
(D) 1978

Answer: (A) 1952

INDIAN FOREST TYPES

INDIAN FOREST TYPES

 Forest types in India are classified by Champion and Seth into sixteen types.

Tropical Wet evergreen forests

 are found along the Western Ghats, the Nicobar and Andaman Islands and all
along the north-eastern region.
 It is characterized by tall, straight evergreen trees.
 The trees in this forest form a tier pattern:
 Beautiful fern of various colours and different varieties of orchids grow on the trunks of the trees.
 Among the following States, which one has the most suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of a large variety of orchids with minimum cost of production, and can develop an export oriented industry in this field ? (2011 pre question)
a. Andhra Pradesh
b. Arunachal Pradesh
c. Madhya Pradesh
d. Uttar Pradesh

Tropical Semi-evergreen forests

 found in the Western Ghats, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the Eastern
Himalayas.
 Such forests have a mixture of the wet evergreen trees and the moist
deciduous trees. The forest is dense .

Tropical Moist deciduous forests:

 found throughout India except in the western and the north-western regions.
The trees are tall, have broad trunks, branching trunks and roots to hold them
firmly to the ground.

 These forests are dominated by sal and teak, along with mango, bamboo, and
rosewood.
Littoral and swamp
 found along the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the delta area of the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
 They have roots that consist of soft tissue so that the plant can breathe in the water.

Tropical Dry deciduous forest:

 The northern part of the country except in the North-East. It is also found in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. The canopy, of the trees does not normally exceed 25 metres. The common trees are the sal, a variety of acacia, and bamboo.

Tropical Thorn forests:

 This type is found in areas with black soil: North, West, Central, and South India. The trees do not grow beyond 10 metres. Spurge, caper, and cactus are typical of this region.

Tropical Dry evergreen forest:

 Dry evergreens are found along Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka coast. It
is mainly hard-leaved evergreen trees with fragrant flowers, along with a few
deciduous trees.

Sub-tropical Broad-leaved forests

 Broad-leaved forests are found in the Eastern Himalayas and the Western Ghats, along the Silent Valley.
 There is a marked difference in the form of vegetation in the two areas.
 In the Silent Valley, the poonspar, cinnamon, rhododendron, and fragrant grass are predominant.
 In the Eastern Himalayas, the flora has been badly affected by the shifting cultivation and forest fires.
 There are oak, alder, chestnut, birch, and cherry trees. There are a large variety of orchids, bamboo and creepers.

Sub-tropical Pine forests:

 found in Shivalik Hills, Western and Central Himalayas, Khasi, Naga, and Manipur Hills.
 The trees predominantly found in these areas are the chir, oak, rhododendion, and
pine as well as sal, amla, and laburnum are found in the lower regions.

Sub-tropical Dry evergreen forests:

 hot and dry season and a cold winter. It generally has evergreen trees with shining leaves that have a varnished look.
 found in the Shivalik Hills and foothills of the Himalayas up to a height of 1000 metres.

Montane Wet temperate forests:

 In the North, found in the region to the east of Nepal into Arunachal Pradesh,
receiving a minimum rainfall of 2000 mm. In the North, there are three layers of forests: the higher layer has mainly coniferous, the middle layer has deciduous trees such as the oak and the lowest layer is covered by rhododendron and champa.
 In the South, it is found in parts of the Niligiri Hills, the higher reaches of Kerala.
 The forests in the northern region are denser than in the South. Rhododendrons and a variety of ground flora can be found here.

Himalayan Moist temperate Forest:

 This type spreads from the Western Himalayas to the Eastern Himalayas. The trees found in the western section are broad-leaved oak, brown oak, walnut,
rhododendron,
 Eastern Himalayas, the rainfall is much heavier and therefore the vegetation is also more lush and dense. There are a large variety of broad-leaved trees, ferri, and bamboo.

Himalayan Dry temperate Forest:

 This type is found in Lahul, Kinnaur, Sikkim, and other parts of the Himalayas.
 There are predominantly coniferous trees, along with broad-leaved trees such as the oak, maple, and ash. At higher elevation, fir, juniper, deodar, and chilgoza are found.

Sub alpine forest:

 Sub alpine forests extend from Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh between 2900 to
3500 metres.
 In the Western Himalayas, the vegetation consists mainly of juniper, hododendron, willow, and black currant.
 In the eastern parts, red fir, black juniper, birch, and larch are the common trees.
 Due to heavy rainfall and high humidity the timberline in this part is higher than that in the West.

 Rhododendron of many species covers the hills in these parts.

Moist Alpine scrub:

 Moist alpines are found all along the Himalayas and on the higher hills near the Myanmar border. It has a low scrub, dense evergreen forest, consisting mainly of rhododendron and birch. Mosses and ferns cover the ground in patches. This region receives heavy snowfall.

Dry alpine scrub:

 Dry alpines are found from about 3000 metres to about 4900 metres. Dwarf plants predominate,
mainly the black juniper, the drooping juniper, honeysuckle, and willow.

ECOSYSTEMS

TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS

 The interrelations between organisms and environment on the land constitute "Terrestrial
Ecology".

 The most important limiting factors of the terrestrial ecosystems are moisture and temperature.

TUNDRA

 The word tundra means a "barren land" since they are found where environmental conditions are very severe. There are two types of tundra- arctic and alpine.

#Distribution:

 Arctic tundra extends as a continuous belt below the polar ice cap and above the tree line in the northern hemisphere. It occupies the northern fringe of Canada, Alaska, European Russia, Siberia and island group of Arctic Ocean.

 On the south pole, tundra is very small since most of it is covered by ocean .

 Alpine tundra occurs at high mountains above the tree line. Since mountains are found at all
latitudes therefore alpine tundra shows day and night temperature variations.

#Flora_and_fauna:

 Typical vegetation of arctic tundra is cotton grass, sedges, dwarf heath, willows, birches and lichens.

Animals of tundra are reindeer, musk ox, arctic hare, caribous, lemmings and squirrel.

 Most of them have long.
 They are protected from chillness by the presence of thick cuticle and epidermal hair.

 Mammals of the tundra region have large body size and small tail and ear to avoid the loss of heat from the surface.

 The body is covered with fur for insulation.

#Forest_Ecosystem

 includes a complex assemblage of different kinds of biotic communities. Optimum conditions such as temperature and ground moisture are responsible for the establishment of forest communities.

 Forests may be evergreen or deciduous.
 distinguished on the basis of leaf into broad-leafed or needle leafed coniferous forests in the case of temperate areas.

 classified into three major categories: coniferous forest, temperate forest and tropical forest.

 All these forest biomes are generally arranged on a gradient from north to south latitude or from high to
lower altitude

#Coniferous_forest (boreal forest):

 Cold regions with high rainfall, strong seasonal climates with long winters and short summers

 evergreen plant species such as Spruce, fir and pine trees, etc and by animals such as the lynx, wolf, bear, red fox, porcupine, squirrel, and amphibians like Hyla, Rana, etc.

 Boreal forest soils are characterized by thin podozols and are rather poor. Both
because, the weathering of rocks proceeds slowly in cold environments and because the
litter derived from conifer needle (leaf is decomposed very slowly and is not rich in
nutrients.
 These soils are acidic and are mineral deficient.

 This is due to movement of large amount of water through the soil, without a significant counter-upward movement of evaporation, essential soluble nutrients like calcium, nitrogen and potassium which are leached sometimes beyond the reach of roots. This process leaves no alkaline oriented cations to encounter
the organic acids of the accumulating litter.

 The productivity and community stability of a boreal forest are lower than those of any
other forest ecosystem.

#Temperate_deciduous_forest:

 The temperate forests are characterised by a moderate climate and broad-leafed
deciduous trees, which shed their leaves in fall, are bare over winter and grow new foliage
in the spring.

 The precipitation is fairly uniform throughout.
 Soils of temperate forests are podozolic and fairly deep.

#Temperate_evergreen_forest:

 Parts of the world that have Mediterranean type of Climate are characterised by warm,
dry summers and cool, moist winters.

 low broad leafed evergreen trees.

 Fire is an important hazardous factor in this ecosystem and the adaptation of the plants
enable them to regenerate quickly after being burnt.

#Temperate_rain_forests:

 seasonality with regard to temperature and rainfall

 Rainfall is high, and fog may be very heavy. It is the important source of water than rainfall
itself

 The biotic diversity of temperate rain forests is high as compared to other temperate
forest.

 the diversity of plants and animals is much low as compared to the tropical rainforest.
Tropical rain forests:
 Near the equator.

 Among the most diverse and rich communities on the earth.

 Both temperature and humidity remain high and more or less uniform.

 The annual rainfall exceeds 200 cm and is generally distributed throughout the
year.

 The flora is highly diversified The extreme dense vegetation of the tropical rain
forests remains vertically stratified with tall trees often covered with vines, creepers,
lianas, epiphytic orchids and bromeliads.

 The lowest layer is an understory of trees, shrubs, herbs, like ferns and palms.

 Soil of tropical rainforests are red latosols, and they are very thick

#Tropical_seasonal_forests:

 also known as monsoon forest occur in regions where total annual rainfall is very high but segregated into pronounced wet and dry periods.

 This kind of forest is found in South East Asia, central and south America, northern
Australia, western Africa and tropical islands of the pacific as well as in India.

#Subtropical_rain_forests:

 Broad-leaved evergreen subtropical rain forests are found in regions of fairly high
rainfall but less temperature differences between winter and summer

 Epiphytes are common here.

 Animal life of subtropical forest is very similar to that of tropical rainforests.

Important Questions On G-20

1. When was G20 established?

(a) 1995

(b) 1999

(c) 1985

(d) 2000

Ans. b

Explanation:  G20 was established in 1999 to bring together finance ministers and central bank Governors of the developed and developing countries.

2. Which of the following statement is not correct regarding the g 20?

(a)  Now the G20 summits are attended by the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of the member countries only.

(b) India never hosted any g20 summit

(c) Its main aim is to eliminate poverty from the world

(d) Its meetings are held annually.

Ans. c

Explanation: The main aim of this group is to promote financial stability and sustainable development in the world.

3. Which of the following city is organizing the recent G20 summit held in July 2017?

(a) Brisbane

(b) Toronto

(c) Antalya

(d) Hamburg

Ans. d

Explanation: Hamburg City of Germany is organizing the latest g20 summit.

4. What is the theme of the g20 summit held in Germany in July 2017?

(a) Shaping an Interconnected World

(b) Fighting poverty with rigidity

(c) Serving the humanity better

(d) Making the world together

Ans. a

Explanation: Shaping an Interconnected World

5. Which of the following is not the member of the G20?

(a) Indonesia

(b) Singapore

(c)Mexico

(d)Turkey

Ans. b

Explanation: Singapore is not the member of the G20.

6. Which of the following statement is not correct regarding the G20?

(a) In the meetings of the G20, EU is represented by the European Commission and by the European Central Bank

(b) The G20 economies account for around 85% of the gross world product (GWP)

(c) The G20 economies account for around 80% of world trade

(d) The G20 economies account for around 40% population of the world

Ans. d

Explanation: The G20 economies account for around two-third population of the world.

7. Where was the first summit of G20 held?

(a) USA

(b)  Britain

(c) Canada

(d) France

Ans. a

Explanation: The first summit of G20 was held in Washington in 2008.

8. Till date how many summits of G20 has been held?

(a) 5

(b) 9

(c) 11

(d) 12

Ans. d

Explanation: 12th summit is being held in Hamburg (Germany).

9. Which of the following statement is correct about G20?

(a) The Presidency of G20 is supported by a "troika" made up of the current, immediate past and future host countries

(b) The G20 have a permanent secretariat

(c) In 2015 the G20 Presidency is held by China

(d) The G20 Presidency rotates at every two year

Ans. a

Explanation: The Presidency of G20 is supported by a "troika" made up of the current, immediate past and future host countries

10. Who is the current chairperson of the G20?

(a) Vladimir Putin

(b) Angela Merkel

(c) Emmanuel Macron

(d) None of these

Ans. b

Explanation: Angela Merkel is the chairperson of the G20 in 2017 while in the 2018 “Mauricio Macri” will hold this position

AN_INTRODUCTION_TO_WORLD [GEOGRAPHY ]

AN_INTRODUCTION_TO_WORLD
              GEOGRAPHY

#Basic_concepts_(#Geomorphology)

#To_understand_the_interior_of_the_Earth

1. Crust – The outermost layer, or shell, of the earth (or any other differentiated) planet.
Earth’s crust is generally defined as the part of the Earth above the Mohorovivic
discontinuity. It represents less than one per cent of Earth’s total.

2. Mantle – The zone of earth’s interior between the base line of the crust (the Mohorovivic
(Moho) discontinuity) and the core. The mantle has an average density of about 3.3g/cm3
and accounts for about 68 per cent of earth’s mass. The mantle lies between the crust and
the core of the earth. The lower layers of mantle are floored by the Gutenberg discontinuity.
3. Core – The central part of the earth below the depth of 2900 Km.

4. Mohorovivic (Moho) Discontinuity – The first global seismic discontinuity below the surface
of the Earth. It lies at a depth varying from about 5 to 10 km beneath the ocean floor to
about 35 km beneath the continents, commonly referred to as the Moho.

5. Vulcanicity – The movement of magma, both into earth’s crust (intrusion) and onto Earth’s
surface.

6. Magma – A mobile silicate melt, which can contain suspended crystals and dissolved gasses as well as liquid.

7. Silicate (silicate minerals) – A mineral containing silicon oxygen tetrahedral, in which four

oxygen atoms surround each silicon.
8. Seismology – It is the science which study various aspect of seismic waves, generated during the occurrence earthquakes.

9. Seismic waves – The different types of tremors and waves generated during the occurrence of an earth quake are called seismic waves.

10. Seismograph – Seismic waves are recorded with the help of an instrument known as
seismograph.

11. Sial – A general term for the silica – rich rocks that form the continental masses.

12. Sima - A general term for the magnesium – rich igneous rocks (basalt, gabbro and peridotite) of the ocean basin.

13. Nife – It is located just below ‘sima’ layer.this layer is composed of nickel (NI) and ferrium (Fe).

14. Lithosphere –It is having thickness of about 100 km is mostly composed of granites. Silica
and aluminium are dominant constituents. Average density is 3.5.

15. Pyrosphere – It stretches for a thickness of 2780 km having an average density of 5.6. The
dominant rock is Basalt.

#To_understand_the_continents_and_ocean_basins

1. Continent - A large landmass, from 20 to 60 km thick, composed mostly of granitic rock.
Continents rise abruptly above the deep – ocean floor and include the marginal areas
submerged beneath sea level. Examples – the African continent, the Asiatic continent, the
North American and South American continent, etc.

2. Basin – A depression into which the surrounding area drains.

3. Plate- The rigid lithospheric slabs or rigid and solid crustal layers are tectonically called
plates.

4. Plate tectonics – The whole mechanism of the evolution, nature and motion of plates and
resultant reaction.

5. Constructive plate margins- these are also called as ‘divergent plate margins’ or ‘accreting
plate margins’. Constructive plate margins (boundaries) represents zones of divergence
where her is continues upwelling of molten materials (lava) and new oceanic crust is
continuously formed.

6. Destructive Plate margins – these are also called as ‘consuming plate margins’ or
‘convergent plate margin’ because two plates move towards each other or two plates
converge along a line and leading edge of one plate overrides the other plate and the
overridden pate is subducted or thrust into the mantle and thus part of the crust (plate) is
lost in the mantle.

7. Sea floor spreading – The theory of that the sea floor spreads laterally away from the
oceanic ridge as new lithosphere is created along the crest of the ridge by igneous activity.
8. Pangaea - About 700million years ago all the land masses were united together in the form
of one single giant land mass known as Pangaea.

9. Isostasy – The continental crust of earth has a visible part above the surface and lower, in
visible one. The balance between these two is Isostasy. If part of the upper surface is
removed by erosion, the continental crust will rise to offset this erosion, at least in part.
Section of the continental crust have been pushed down by the weight of glacial ice, the
extent of depression varying with the thickness of ice, and the density of the material below.
It is believed that the critical size for an ice cap to depress a landmass is a 500km diameter.
Landmass will rise again if the ice melts.

India Under the English East India Company

The English East India Company

The English East India Company was established on 31 December 1600 as per the Royal Charter issued by the Queen of England, Elizabeth I.

•The Company had sent Captain Hawkins to the court of the Mughal Emperor, Jahangir in 1608 to secure permission to establish a “factory” (storehouse of goods) at Surat

•It was turned down initially

•However, in 1613, Jahangir issued the firman permitting the East India Company to establish its first trading post at Surat.

•Accordingly, the English set up business centers at Agra, Ahmedabad and Broach

•In 1639, Francis Day established the city of Madras and constructed the Fort St. George.

•On the west coast, the Company obtained Bombay on lease from their King, Charles II for a rent of 10 pounds per annum in 1668.

•By the year 1690, Job Charnock, the agent of the East India Company purchased three villages namely, Sutanuti, Govindpur and Kalikatta, which, in course of time, grew into the city of Calcutta.

•After the Battle of Plassey in 1757and the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the Company became a political power.

•India was under the East India Company’s rule till 1858 when it came under the direct administration of the British Crown.

•Robert Clive was the first Governor of Fort William under the Company’s rule

WARREN HASTINGS (1772-1785)

In 1772, the Company appointed Warren Hastings as the Governor of Fort William

Reforms of Warren Hastings

•Abolition of the Dual System

•The East India Company decided to act as Diwan and to undertake the collection of revenue by its own agents.

•Hence, the Dual System introduced by Robert Clive was abolished

•Warren Hastings reduced the Nawab’s allowance of 32 lakhs of rupees to half that amount

•He also stopped the annual payment of 26 lakhs given to the Mughal Emperor

•A Board of Revenue was established at Calcutta to supervise the collection of revenue.

•English Collectors were appointed in each district.

•The treasury was removed from Murshidabad to Calcutta and an Accountant General was appointed

•Calcutta thus became the capital of Bengal in 1772and shortly after of British India

•The Board of Revenue farmed out the lands by auction for a period of five years instead of one year in order to find out their real value.

•Yet, the system was a failure. Many zamindars defaulted and the arrears of revenue accumulated.

•Reorganisation of the Judicial System

•The judicial system at the time of Warren Hastings’ ascendancy was a store-house of abuses.

•The Nawab who was hitherto the chief administrator of justice misused his powers.

•The zamindars who acted as judges at lower levels within their own areas were highly corrupt and prejudiced

•Each district was provided with a civil court Under the Collector A criminal court under an Indian Judge

•To hear appeals from the district courts two appellate courts, one for civil cases and another for criminal cases, were established at Calcutta

•The highest civil court of appeal was called Sadar Diwani Adalat,

•Which was to be presided over by the Governor and two judges recruited from among the members of his council.

•Similarly, the highest appellate criminal court was known as Sadar Nizamat Adalat

•Which was to function under an Indian judge appointed by the Governor-in-Council

•Experts in Hindu and Muslim laws were provided to assist the judges.

•An English translation of it – Code of Hindu Laws – was prepared by Halhed.

•Trade Regulations and other Reforms

•Warren Hastings abolished the system of dastaks, or free passes and regulated the internal trade.

•He reduced the number of custom houses and enforced a uniform tariff of 2.5 percent for Indian and non-Indian goods

•He reduced the number of custom houses and enforced a uniform tariff of 2.5 percent for Indian and non-Indian goods

•Weavers were given better treatment and facilities were made to improve their condition.

•He also introduced a uniform system of pre-paid postage system.

•A bank was started in Calcutta.

The Regulating Act of 1773 (Background)

•The Regulating Act of 1773 opened a new chapter in the constitutional history of the Company.

•Previously, the Home government in England consisted of the Court of Directors and the Court of Proprietors.

•The Court of Directors were elected annually and practically managed the affairs of the Company

•In India, each of the three presidencies was independent and responsible only to the Home Government.

•The government of the presidency was conducted by a Governor and a Council

•The following conditions invited the Parliamentary intervention in the Company’s affairs.

•The English East India Company became a territorial power when it acquired a wide dominion in India and also the Diwani rights.

•The disastrous famine which broke out in Bengal in 1770 affected the agriculturists. As a result, the revenue collection was poor

•In short, the Company was on the brink of bankruptcy. In 1773, the Company approached the British government for an immediate loan.

•Under these circumstances that the Parliament of England resolved to regulate the affairs of the Company.

•Lord North, the Prime Minister of England, appointed a select committee to inquire into the affairs of the Company.

•The report submitted by the Committee paved the way for the enactment of the Regulating Act.

Provisions of the Act

•The term of office of the members of the Court of Directors was extended from one year to four years. One-fourth of them were to retire every year and the retiring Directors were not eligible for re-election.

•The Governor of Bengal was styled the Governor-General of Fort William whose tenure of office was for a period of five years.

•The Governor-General in Council was made supreme over the other Presidencies in matters of war and peace

•The provision was made in the Act for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta consisting of a Chief Justice and three junior judges. It was to be independent of the Governor-general in Council.

•In 1774, the Supreme Court was established by a Royal Charter

•This Act prevented the servants of the Company including the Governor-General, members of his council and the judges of the Supreme Court from receiving directly or indirectly any gifts in kind or cash.

•The significance of the Regulating Act is that it brought the affairs of the Company under the control of the Parliament.

•The greatest merit of this Act is that it put an end to the arbitrary rule of the Company

•Provided a framework for all future enactments relating to the governing of India.

•The main defect of the Act was that the Governor-General was made powerless

•Because the council which was given supreme power often created deadlocks by over-ruling his decision

•However, many of these defects were rectified by the Pitt’s India Act of 1784.

Expansionist Policy of Warren Hastings.

•Warren Hastings was known for his expansionist policy. His administration witnessed the Rohilla War,

•The First Anglo-Maratha War and the Second Anglo-Mysore War.

The Rohilla War (1774).

Rohilkand was a small kingdom situated in between Oudh and the Marathas.

Its ruler was Hafiz Rahmat Khan.

He concluded a defensive treaty in 1772 with the Nawab of Oudh fearing an attack by the Marathas.

But no such attack took place. But, the Nawab demanded money.

When Rahmat Khan evaded, the Nawab with the help of the British invaded Rohilkand

Warren Hastings, who sent the British troops against Rohilkand was severely criticised for his policy on Rohilla affair

First Anglo-Maratha War (1775-82)

The Marathas largely remained disunited since the Third Battle of Panipat (1761).

The internal conflict among the Marathas was best utilized by the British in their expansionist policy.

In 1775, there was a dispute for the post of Peshwa between Madhav Rao and his uncle Raghunatha Rao.

The British authorities in Bombay concluded the Treaty of Surat with Raghunatha Rao in March 1775.

Raghunatha Rao promised to cede Bassein and Salsette to the British but later when he was unwilling to fulfill his promise, the British captured them.

This action of the Bombay Government was not approved by Warren Hastings. In 1776, Warren Hastings sent Colonel Upton to settle the issue

He canceled the Treaty of Surat and concluded the Treaty of Purander with Nana Fadnavis, another Maratha leader

According to this treaty, Madhava Rao II was accepted as the new Peshwa and the British retained Salsette along with a heavy war indemnity

However, the Home authorities rejected the Treaty of Purander. Warren Hastings also considered the Treaty of Purandar as a ‘scrap of paper’

In 1781, Warren Hastings dispatched British troops under the command of Captain Popham. He defeated the Maratha chief, Mahadaji Scindia, in a number of small battles and captured Gwalior.

Later in May 1782, the Treaty of Salbai was signed between Warren Hastings and Mahadaji Scindia

Accordingly, Salsette and Bassein were given to the British.

Raghunath Rao was pensioned off and Madhav Rao II was accepted as the Peshwa.

The Treaty of Salbai established the British influence in Indian politics.

It provided the British twenty years of peace with the Marathas

The Treaty also enabled the British to exert pressure on Mysore with the help of the Marathas in recovering their territories from Haider Ali.

Thus, the British, on the one hand, saved themselves from the combined opposition of Indian powers and on the other, succeeded in dividing the Indian powers.

The Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-84)

The first Anglo-Mysore War took place in 1767-69.

Haider Ali emerged victorious against the British and at the end of the War a defensive treaty was concluded between Haider Ali and the British.

After eleven years, the Second Mysore War broke out

The main causes for the second Anglo-Mysore War were:

The British failed to fulfill the terms of the defensive treaty with Haider when he was attacked by the Marathas in 1771

There was an outbreak of hostilities between the English and the French (an ally of Haider) during the American War of Independence

The British captured Mahe, a French settlement within Haider’s territories

Haider Ali formed a grand alliance with the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Marathas against the British in 1779.

The War began when the British led their forces through

Haider’s territory without his permission to capture Guntur in the Northern Sarkars.

Haider Ali defeated Colonel Baillie and captured Arcot in 1780.

In the next year, Warren Hastings, by a clever stroke of diplomacy, divided the Confederacy.

He made peace with the Nizam, won the friendship of Bhonsle and came to an understanding with the Scindia (both Marathas)

Consequently, Haider was isolated without any alliance.

He was defeated by Sir Eyre Coote at Porto Novo in March 1781.

In December 1782, Haider died of cancer at the age of sixty and his death was kept secret till his son Tipu Sultan assumed power.

The Second Mysore War came to an end by the Treaty of Mangalore in 1783.

Pitt’s India Act, 1784

The Regulating Act proved to be an unsatisfactory document as it failed in its objective

In January 1784, Pitt the Younger (who became Prime Minister of England after the General Elections) introduced the India Bill in the British Parliament.

It received royal assent in August 1784. This was the famous Pitt’s India Act of 1784.

Main Provisions

A Board of Control consisting of six members was created. They were appointed by the Crown

The Court of Directors was retained without any alteration in its composition.

The Act also introduced significant changes in the Indian administration. It reduced the number of the members of the Governor-General’s Council from four to three including the Commander-in-Chief.

The Court of Directors controlled its commercial functions, whereas the Board of Control maintained its political affairs.

In fact, the Board represented the King, and the Directors symbolised the Company.

The Impeachment of Warren Hastings

•The Pitt’s India Act of 1784 was a rude shock and bitter disappointment for Warren Hastings.

•His image and reputation were tarnished in England. Therefore, he resigned and left India in June 1785

•In 1787, Warren Hastings was impeached in the Parliament by Edmund Burke and the Whigs for his administrative access.

•Burke brought forward 22 charges against him

•He received the pension from the Company and lived till 1818.

•Estimate of Warren Hastings

•He was a gifted personality endowed with ‘strong will, great energy, and resourcefulness’.

• Since he considered Indian culture as a basis for sound Indian administration, he patronised the learning of Indian languages and arts.

Indian National Movements

History: National Movement

The British Governor General, who formulated the policy of Subsidiary Alliance with regard to Indian powers was
(a) Lord Wellesley
(b) Lord William Bentick
(c) Warren Hastings
(d) Lord Dalhousie

Answer: Lord Wellesley

Where did Mahatma Gandhi first try the weapon of Satyagraha ?
(a) South Africa
(b) Dandi
(c) Champaran
(d) Bardoli

Answer: South Africa

The first main British Parliament Act regarding East India Company's administration in India was
(a) Rowlatt Act
(b) Pitts India Act
(c) Charter Act of 1913
(d) Regulation Act

Answer: Regulation Act

Who was the first Indian to become the member of British Parliament ?
(a) D.N. Wacha
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Badruddin Tyabji
(d) W.C. Banerjee

Answer: Dadabhai Naoroji

Who conceived the idea of Pakistan ?
(a) Mohd. Ali Jinnah
(b) H.S. Suharwardhy
(c) Chlowdhary Rahmat Ali
(d) Asaf Ali

Answer: Chlowdhary Rahmat Ali

Which one of the following is not correctly matched ?
(a) Lord Rippon-Local Self Government
(b) Thomas Munro-Ryotwari System
(c) Holt Mackenzie-Mahalwari Settlement in Northern India
(d) Lord Cornwallis-Subsidiary System

Answer: Lord Cornwallis-Subsidiary System

Gandhiji started Satyagraha movement in 1919 in protest against the
(a) Simon Commission
(b) Colonial exploitation of India
(c) Champaran wrongs
(d) Enactment of Rowlatt Act

Answer: Enactment of Rowlatt Act

Satyagraha Ashram was established by who among the following ?
(a) Lokanayak Jayaprakash Narayan
(b) Acharya Vinoba Bhave
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Acharya Kripalani

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi

Who was the founder of the Muslim League in India ?
(a) Nawab Salimulla
(b) None of these
(c) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
(d) M.A. Jinnah

Answer: Nawab Salimulla

Who was the Governor General of India when the Indian National Congress was formed ?
(a) Lord Cornwallis
(b) Lord Mountbatten
(c) Lord Lytton
(d) Lord Dufferin

Answer: Lord Dufferin

Regarding the freedom struggle, which of the following events is/are not true ?
(a) Morley-Minto reforms granted Muslim demands in 1909.
(b) Transfer of India's capital from Calcutta to Delhi was announced in 1910.
(c) Muslim League was founded in 1907.
(d) The partition of Bengal was done in 1905

Answer: Muslim League was founded in 1907.

Which was the first newspaper to be published in India ?
(a) Bengal Chronicle
(b) The Hindu
(c) Bengal Gazette
(d) Bombay Samachar

Answer: Bengal Gazette

Uplift of the backward classes was the main programme of the
(a) Prarythana Samaj
(b) Ramakrishna Mission
(c) Arya Samaj
(d) Satyashodhak Samaj

Answer: Satyashodhak Samaj

Permanent Revenue System of Lord Cornwallis proved oppressive to the tenants because they were
(a) Asked to pay under military pressure
(b) Exploited by the zamindars
(c) Forced to produce more
(d) Asked to pay yearly revenue in advance

Answer: Exploited by the zamindars

Legalisation of widow remarriage in India was first secured by
(a) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(b) Maharishi Karve
(c) Pandit Ramabai
(d) K. Natarajan

Answer: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Lord Dalhousie
(c) Lord Canning
(d) Lord Wellesley

Answer: Lord Wellesley

Who among the following analysed the cause of the uprising of 1857 advocating a reconciliation between the British and the Muslims ?
(a) Syed Ahmed Bardvi
(b) Shah Wali-Ullah
(c) Syed Ahmed Khan
(d) Syed Amir Ali

Answer: Syed Ahmed Khan

During the British rule, first partition of Bengal was done in
(a) 1903
(b) 1908
(c) 1905
(d) 1885

Answer: 1905

The British law which provoked Mahatma Gandhi to crusade for the Asians in South Africa was called
(a) The Apartheid Act
(b) The Asiatic Registration Act
(c) The Blacks Registration Act
(d) The Coloured's Licence Act

Answer: The Asiatic Registration Act

Vallabhbhai Patel was born at
(a) Borsad
(b) Nadiad
(c) Ahmedabad
(d) Baroda

Answer: Nadiad

The founder of Boy Scouts and Civil Guides Movement in India was
(a) Robert Montgomery
(b) Baden Powell
(c) Charles Andrews
(d) Richard Temple

Answer: Baden Powell

The Rowlatt Act led to
(a) Economic reforms in U.P.
(b) Massacre at Amritsar
(c) Communal riots in Bengal
(d) Social legislation in Madras

Answer: Massacre at Amritsar

In 1917, at Champaran, the government forced farmers to undertake
(a) Opium cultivation
(b) Land ceiling
(c) Indigo cultivation
(d) Hallow cultivation

Answer: Indigo cultivation

The first session of Indian National Congress was held at
(a) Surat
(b) Lahore
(c) Calcutta
(d) Bombay

Answer: Bombay

Woods Despatch of 1854 resulted in the
(a) Establishment of educational system
(b) Establishment of Indian universities
(c) Introduction of Postal System
(d) Abolition of child marriage

Answer: Establishment of educational system

The English Weekly edited by Mahatma Gandhi was
(a) Young India
(b) Bombay Chronicle
(c) Kesari
(d) Comrade

Answer: Young India

The first railway started in India under the Governor-Generalship of
(a) Lord Dalhousie
(b) Lord Cornwallis
(c) Lord Canning
(d) Lord Hastings

Answer: Lord Dalhousie

The Act which imparted provincial autonomy is
(a) Government of India Act, 1919
(b) Indian Independence Act, 1947
(c) Government of India Act, 1935
(d) Indian Councils Act, 1909

Answer: Government of India Act, 1935

Indian sepoys in the Bengal army revolted because
(a) The British tried to make them use the greased catridges.
(b) The British passed the General Service Enlistment Act.
(c) The British officers ill-treated them.
(d) The British discontinued the payment of field allowance.

Answer: The British tried to make them use the greased catridges.

From where did Mahatma Gandhi start his historic Dandi March ?
(a) Chauri Chaura
(b) Dandi
(c) Sabarmati Ashram
(d) Champaran

Answer: Sabarmati Ashram

Quit India Movement started after the failure of
(a) Cripps proposal
(b) None of these
(c) Simon recommendation
(d) Cabinet Mission

Answer: Cripps proposal

The practice of Sati was declared illegal by
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Raja Rammohan Roy
(c) Lord Cornwallis
(d) Lord William Bentick

Answer: Lord William Bentick

Except Jammu and Kashmir and Hyderabad, the integration of Indian states was completed in
(a) 17807
(b) 18598
(c) 18203
(d) 17380

Answer: 18203

Who among the following could not be captured by the British in 1857 ?
(a) Nana Saheb
(b) Tantia Tope
(c) Bahadur Shah II
(d) Mangal Pandey

Answer: Nana Saheb

The Simon Commission was concerned with
(a) Famines
(b) Constitutional reforms
(c) Higher education
(d) Reforms in princely states

Answer: Constitutional reforms

The Vernacular Press Act 1878 was repealed by
(a) Lord Lytton
(b) Lord Ripon
(c) Lord Minto
(d) Lord Curzon

Answer: Lord Ripon

The first national leader to attack the Salt Tax in Indian Legislature was
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Pherozeshah Mehta
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(d) G.K. Gokhale

Answer: G.K. Gokhale

The Indian states that were annexed by invokingthe Doctrine of Lapse included
(a) Mysore, Satara and Bhavnagar
(b) Jhansi, Nagpur and Satara
(c) Jhansi, Nagpur and Travancore
(d) Jhansi, Satara and Mysore

Answer: Jhansi, Nagpur and Satara

The Congress split into moderates and extremists in the session at
(a) Surat
(b) Lucknow
(c) Ahmedabad
(d) Madras

Answer: Surat

Which of the following was an empire Communist journal of M.N. Roy ?
(a) Kishan Sabha
(b) The Worker
(c) Vanguard
(d) Anushilan

Answer: Vanguard

The Gandhi - Irwin Pact proclaimed the suspension of
(a) Dandi March
(b) None of these
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Non Cooperation Movement

Answer: Civil Disobedience Movement

The office of the Secretary of State for India was created by the
(a) Morley - Minto Reforms, 1908
(b) Montague- Chelmsford Reforms
(c) Indian Councils Act, 1861
(d) Government of India Act, 1858

Answer: Government of India Act, 1858

The Indian National Congress adopted the resolution of Poorna Swaraj (complete independence) at its session held at
(a) Calcutta
(b) Allahabad
(c) Karachi
(d) Lahore

Answer: Lahore

After 1853, a very large amount of the British capital was invested in
(a) Coal mining
(b) Tea plantation
(c) Railways
(d) Jute mills

Answer: Railways

The Home Rule Movement in India was started by
(a) S.N. Banerjee and W.C. Banerjee
(b) Annie Besant and Gokhale
(c) Mahatma Gandhi and Motilal Nehru
(d) Annie Besant and Tilak

Answer: Annie Besant and Tilak

The importance of Gandhiji's Non-Cooperation Movement was that
(a) It showed the ability and the willingness of the people in general to endure.
(b) None of these
(c) Non-violence was employed for the first time as an effective weapon of mass movement.
(d) It was a great movement on a large scale.

Answer: Non-violence was employed for the first time as an effective weapon of mass movement.

Who among the following was the leader of the moderates ?
(a) B.G. Tilak
(b) C.F. Andrews
(c) Annie Besant
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Answer: Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Who among the following started Bhudan Movement ?
(a) Jayaprakash Narayan
(b) Acharya Kripalani
(c) Vinoba Bhave
(d) Mahatma Gandhi

Answer: Vinoba Bhave

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was born in the year
(a) 1889
(b) 1914
(c) 1899
(d) 1900

Answer: 1889

Who among the following was a prominent officer of the Azad Hind Fauj ?
(a) Shah Nawaz Khan
(b) Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
(c) Aruna Asaf Ali
(d) DR. M.A. Ansari

Answer: Shah Nawaz Khan

Which of the following revolutionary leaders organised an attack on the armoury of Chittagong ?
(a) Surya Sen
(b) C.R. Das
(c) Jatin Das
(d) Chandrashekhar Azad

Answer: Surya Sen

Luckhnow Pact of 1916 is significant in the history of Indian National Movement because
(a) None of these
(b) It ended separate electorates for Hindus and Muslims.
(c) It decide India's non participating in World War I.
(d) Both the groups of Congress men settled their disputes

Answer: It ended separate electorates for Hindus and Muslims.

What was the chief characteristic of Government of India Act, 1935 ?
(a) Unitary Government at Centre
(b) None of these
(c) Interim Indian Government at Centre
(d) Federal Government at Centre

Answer: Federal Government at Centre

Which of the following statements is not correct ?
(a) Swami Dayanand Saraswati established the Arya Samaj.
(b) Mahatma Gandhi was born in Gandhinagar.
(c) Dr. Annie Besant was a theosophist
(d) The international headquarter of the Theosophical Society is in Madras.

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi was born in Gandhinagar.

The title of Governor - General was changed to that of Viceroy in the year
(a) 1905 A.D.
(b) 1917 A.D.
(c) 1858 A.D.
(d) 1885 A.D.

Answer: 1858 A.D.

What was the name of the periodical published by Mahatma Gandhi during his stay in South Africa ?
(a) Afrikaner
(b) Indian Opinion
(c) India Gazette
(d) Navjivan

Answer: Indian Opinion

Which of the following was written by Raja Rammohan Roy ?
(a) Tuhfatul Muwahiddin
(b) Kiratarjuniya
(c) Mother India
(d) Brahma Samhita

Answer: Tuhfatul Muwahiddin

Whom did Mahatma Gandhi describe as pure as crystal, as brave as a lion and the most perfect man in the political field ?
(a) B.G. Tilak
(b) C.R. Das
(c) Motilal Nehru
(d) G.K. Gokhale

Answer: G.K. Gokhale

Who among the following first propounded the idea of basic education?
(a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(b) Dayanand Saraswati
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi

What did Gandhiji do to practise the ideals of truth and non-violence in 1916 ?
(a) He started an all-India Satyagrahs.
(b) He founded Sabarmati Ashram near Ahmedabad
(c) He founded the Gujarat Vidyapeeth.
(d) He joined the Indian National Congress.

Answer: He founded Sabarmati Ashram near Ahmedabad

The Prime Minister of Britain at the time of India's independence was
(a) Ramsay Macdonald
(b) Clement Attlee
(c) Lord Mountbatten
(d) Wintson Churchill

Answer: Clement Attlee

The split between the extremists and the moderates took places in the sessions Indian National Congress held at
(a) Bombay
(b) Surat
(c) Calcutta
(d) Lahore

Answer: Surat

Which of the following statements regarding Quit India Movement is correct ?
(a) The movement paved the way for British seriously considering granting freedom to India.
(b) The Muslims did not participate in the movement.
(c) It was entirely a non-violent movement.
(d) The upper middle class did not show interest in this movement.

Answer: The Muslims did not participate in the movement.

General Dyer who was responsible for Jallianwala Bagh massacre was shot dead by
(a) Udham Singh
(b) Hasrat Mohani
(c) Sohan Singh Bhakna
(d) V.V.S. Iyer

Answer: Udham Singh

The famous song Raghupati Raghav Raja Ram was sung during Dandi march by the renowed musician
(a) Mallikarjun Mansur
(b) Onkar Nath Thakur
(c) Krishna Rao Shankar Pandit
(d) Digambar Vishnu Paluskar

Answer: Digambar Vishnu Paluskar

The greatest evil that arose out of British policies with regard to Indian agriculture, was the
(a) Emergence of the money lenders
(b) None of these
(c) Transformation of the peasant cultivators into tenants at will.
(d) Improverishment of the peasantry

Answer: Improverishment of the peasantry

The Home Rule Movement started by Annie Besant aimed at
(a) Boycotting foreign goods.
(b) Attaining self rule for India
(c) Educating the Indian masses
(d) Agitating against the British monopoly in administration.

Answer: Attaining self rule for India

Before Delhi, where was the capital of India during the British India ?
(a) Lucknow
(b) Patna
(c) Bombay
(d) Calcutta

Answer: Calcutta

In 1930 Mahatma Gandhi started Civil Disobedience Movement from
(a) Sabarmati
(b) Dandi
(c) Wardha
(d) Sevagram

Answer: Sabarmati

Which Governor General abolished the system of dual government established by Robert Clive and established the Company's control over Bengal ?
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Sir Charles Metacalfe
(c) Lord Wellesley
(d) Lord Cornwallis

Answer: Warren Hastings
Which of the following is not a form of Ganshian Satyagraha ?
(a) Civil Disobedience
(b) Hunger strike
(c) Hijrat
(d) Non - Cooperation

Answer: Hijrat

The immediate cause for precipitation of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 was
(a) Disparity in salaries of native sepoys and British soldiers
(b) The rumour of use of catridges greased with cow fat
(c) Spread of Christianity
(d) Doctrine of Lapse

Answer: The rumour of use of catridges greased with cow fat

The Viceroy upon whom a bomb was thrown but he did not change his attitude towards the Indians, was
(a) Lord Chelmsford
(b) Lord Hardinge
(c) Warren Hastings
(d) Lord Curzon

Answer: Lord Hardinge

The capital of India was shifted to Delhi during the reign of
(a) Curzon
(b) Hardinge
(c) Minto
(d) Chelmsford

Answer: Hardinge

Which of the following is correctly matched ?
(a) Pararthana Samaj : Dayanand Saraswati
(b) Brahmo Samaj : Jyotiba Phule
(c) Satya Shodhak Mandal : Keshab Chandra Sen
(d) Sri Narayan Dharma Paripalana Yogam : Narayana Guru

Answer: Sri Narayan Dharma Paripalana Yogam : Narayana Guru

The Separatist system of representation by various religious communities and other groups was a prominent feature of the
(a) Government of India Act, 1919
(b) Indian Independence Act, 1947
(c) Government of India Act, 1935
(d) Indian Council Act, 1861

Answer: Government of India Act, 1935

Lala Lajpat Rai was assulted by the British during
(a) The protest against the Simon Commision
(b) The First war of Indian Independence
(c) The salt Satyagraha
(d) The Civil Disobedience Movement

Answer: The protest against the Simon Commision

The Young India was edited by
(a) Acharya Narendra Dev
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Mahadev Desia

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi

Vande Mataram was first published in
(a) Anand Math
(b) Kesari
(c) Gitanjali
(d) Harijan

Answer: Anand Math

The song Jana-Gana-Mana composed by Rabindranath Tagore, was first published in January 1912 under the title of
(a) None of these
(b) Bharat Vidhata
(c) Rashtra Jagrati
(d) Tatva Bodhini

Answer: Bharat Vidhata